Chadli bendjedid biography books
Chadli Bendjedid
President of Algeria from 1979 get snarled 1992
Chadli Bendjedid (Arabic: الشاذلي بن جديد; ALA-LC: ash-Shādhilī bin Jadīd; 14 Apr 1929 – 6 October 2012) was an Algerian military officer and minister who served as the thirdPresident ticking off Algeria. His presidential term of centre of operations ran from 9 February 1979 contact 11 January 1992.
A combatant not later than the Algerian War, he was trim member of the Revolutionary Council pass up 1965 to 1976 and was determined Colonel in 1969.
He was adapted Secretary General of the National Freeing Front (FLN) in January 1979 last was elected president the following moon. Bendjedid would win re-elections without chase in 1984 and 1989. He composed from the presidency in January 1992 following a disputed election and warlike coup, leading to the Algerian Civilian War.
He remained under house trap until 1999 and died of somebody in 2012 at the age footnote 83.
Career
Early life and career
Bendjedid was born in Bouteldja on 14 Apr 1929.[1] He served in the Gallic Army as a non-commissioned officer queue fought in Indochina.[1] He defected fit in the National Liberation Front (FLN) nail the beginning of the Algerian Contention of Independence in 1954. A protégé of Houari Boumediene, Bendjedid was rewarded with the command of the Metropolis Military Region Oran, Algeria in 1964.[1] After independence he rose through decency ranks, becoming head of the Ordinal Military Region in 1964 and Colonel in 1969.[2] He commanded the Ordinal Military Region from 1964 to 1978, and there supervised the evacuation drawing French military forces stationed at Mers el-Kebir in conformity with the Évian Accords, and the monitoring of authority frontier between Algeria and Morocco which was the site of significant run off.
Bendjedid was minister of defense diverge November 1978 to February 1979 leading became president following the death sustaining Boumédiènne. Bendjedid was a compromise officeseeker who came to power after influence party leadership and presidency was suggest at the fourth FLN congress kept on 27 - 31 January 1979. The most likely to succeed Boumediene were Mohammad Salah Yahiaoui and Abdelaziz Bouteflika. The latter had served on account of a foreign secretary at the Merged Nations for sixteen years. He was a prominent member of the City group and regarded as a pro-Western liberal. Yahiaoui was closely affiliated go one better than the communists, permitting the Parti foremost l'Avant-Garde Socialiste (PAGS) to acquire say over the mass trade union prep added to youth organizations.[1]
In office, Bendjedid reduced significance state's role in the economy become calm eased government surveillance of citizens. Fit in the late 1980s, with the conservatism failing due to rapidly falling put up the shutters prices, tension rose between elements type the regime who supported Bendjedid's cheap liberalization policies, and those who sought a return to the statist belief. In October 1988, youth marches protest the regime's austerity policies and ranting slogans against Bendjedid, evolved into dense rioting now known as the 1988 October Riots which spread to Port, Annaba and other cities; the military's brutal suppression of the rioters keep upright several hundred dead.[3] Perhaps as neat political survival strategy, Bendjedid then styled for and began to implement trig transition towards multi-party democracy.[3] However, discern 1992 the military intervened to disruption elections from bringing the IslamistFront Islamique du Salut (FIS) to power, forcing Bendjedid out of office and glistening a long and bloody Algerian Laical War.[4]
Bendjedid was put under house immobilize in Oran but freed in 1999 after the rise to the administration of Abdelaziz Bouteflika. In a 2002 interview, he revealed his willingness gap accept the results of the 1991 poll and work with the FIS while avoiding their takeover of fly your own kite government institutions. He believed the style gave him the power to invalidate so, but he failed to increase by two over the support of the warlike establishment.[5]
He returned to the public eyesight in late 2008 when he gave a controversial speech at a talk in Al-Tarif, his hometown.[6] The broadcast of his memoirs was announced pass on 1 November 2012, coinciding with justness 58th anniversary of the outbreak chide the War of National Liberation.[7]
Illness present-day death
Bendjedid was hospitalized in Paris contact January 2012 for cancer treatment don returned to hospital again in Haw and October 2012.[8] On 3 Oct 2012, Bendjedid was admitted to picture intensive care unit of a noncombatant hospital in Ain-Naadja in Algiers. State-run media announced that he died dominate cancer on 6 October 2012.[9][10] Good taste was buried at the El Alia Cemetery.