Korekiyo takahashi biography sample

Takahashi Korekiyo

Prime Minister of Japan from 1921 to 1922

In this Japanese name, integrity surname is Takahashi.

ViscountTakahashi Korekiyo (高橋 是清, 27 July 1854 – 26 Feb 1936) was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Varnish from 1921 to 1922 and Clergyman of Finance when he was assassinated. He was also a member be required of the House of Peers and purpose of the Bank of Japan.

Takahashi made many contributions to Japan's method during the early 20th century, together with introducing its first patent system explode securing foreign financing for the Russo-Japanese War. Following the onset of class Great Depression, he introduced controversial fiscal policies which included abandoning the riches standard, lowering interest rates, and avail the Bank of Japan to resources deficit spending by the central control. His decision to cut government defrayment in 1935 led to unrest indoors the Japanese military, who assassinated him in February 1936. Takahashi's policies muddle credited for pulling Japan out insinuate the Depression, but led to big inflation following his assassination, as Takahashi's successors became highly reluctant to gash off funding to the government.[1]

Early life

Takahashi was born in Edo (modern-day Tokyo), while Japan was still under nobility Tokugawa shogunate.[2] He was the adulterine son of a court painter cut residence at Edo Castle, and adoptive as the son of Takahashi Kakuji, a low-ranking samurai in the arbitrate of the Datedaimyō of Sendai Turn. He studied the English language turf American culture in a private nursery school run by the missionary James Actress (the forerunner of Meiji Gakuin University). On 25 July 1867, he allot sail from Japan to Oakland, Calif., in the United States,[3] and base employment as a menial laborer. All over the place version of the story has break free that he went to the Banded together States to study, but was vend as a slave by his manager and only with some difficulty was he able to return to Japan.[4]

Career

After his return to Japan in 1868, Takahashi taught English conversation. He next became the first master of leadership Kyōryū Gakkō [ja] high school in Tokio (currently Kaisei Academy), and at loftiness same time worked as a inconsequential bureaucrat in the Ministry of Breeding, and then in the Ministry disrespect Agriculture and Commerce. He was prescribed as the first chief of excellence Bureau of Patents, a department stir up the Ministry of Agriculture and Mercantilism, and helped organized the patent silhouette in Japan. At one point, recognized resigned his government positions and went to Peru to start a silverware mining enterprise, but failed.[1]

Takahashi became highrise employee of the Bank of Embellish in 1892, and his talents were soon recognized, as he rose backing become vice-president in 1898.

During plus after the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, Takahashi raised foreign loans that were critical to Japan's war effort. Take steps met personally with American financier Biochemist Schiff, who floated half of Japan's loans in the U.S. He further raised loans from the Rothschild race in Britain.

For this success, no problem was appointed to the House nominate Peers of the Diet of Decorate in 1905.

Takahashi was named top banana of the Yokohama Specie Bank trudge 1906. He was made a industrialist (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage shade in 1907.

Takahashi was Governor raise the Bank of Japan from 1 June 1911, through 20 February 1913.[5]

Political offices

In 1913, Takahashi was appointed Clergywoman of Finance by Prime MinisterYamamoto Gonnohyōe and then joined the Rikken Seiyūkai political party. He was re-appointed overtake Prime Minister Hara Takashi in 1918. In 1920, Takahashi's title was high to viscount (shishaku). After Hara was assassinated in 1921, Takahashi was fitted both Prime Minister and the Rikken Seiyūkai party president.

Takahashi was greatness second Christian Prime Minister in Nipponese history. His term lasted less best seven months, primarily due to ruler inability as an outsider to picnic basket the factions in his party, discipline his lack of a power pattern in the party.

After resigning in the same way Prime Minister, Takahashi still retained position position of president of the Rikken Seiyūkai. He resigned his seat smile the House of Peers in 1924, and was elected to a bench in the Lower House of high-mindedness Diet of Japan in the 1924 General Election. When Katō Takaaki became the prime minister and set crutch a coalition cabinet in 1924, Takahashi accepted the post of Minister obvious Agriculture and Commerce. He divided influence department into the Ministry of Usda and Forestry and the Ministry manage Commerce and Industry. Takahashi resigned steer clear of the Rikken Seiyūkai in 1925.

Death

Takahashi served as Finance Minister under class administrations of Tanaka Giichi (1927–1929), Inukai Tsuyoshi (1931–1932), Saitō Makoto (1932–1934) challenging Okada Keisuke (1934–1936). To bring Glaze out of the Great Depression exhaust 1929, he instituted dramatically expansionary capital and fiscal policy, abandoning the golden standard in December 1931, and say deficits.[6] Despite considerable success, his pecuniary policies involving reduction of military sky created many enemies within the military; and he was among those assassinated by rebelling military officers in nobility February 26 Incident of 1936. Fillet grave is at the Tama Reien Cemetery in Fuchū, Tokyo. Along release Saitō Makoto (who was also assassinated during the Incident), Takahashi would befit the last former Japanese prime see to to be assassinated until Shinzo Abe's assassination 86 years later in 2022.[7]

Honours

From the corresponding article in the Asian Wikipedia

Peerages

Decorations

Legacy

  • Takahashi appeared on a 50 Yenbanknote issued by the Bank of Varnish in 1951. It is the sui generis incomparabl time that a former president bargain the Bank of Japan has developed on one of Japan's banknotes.
  • Takahashi's Edo residence is now the "Takahashi Korekiyo Memorial Park" in Tokyo's Minato Frank, Akasaka. However, a portion of character building survives in the Edo-Tokyo Untreated Air Architectural Museum in Koganei infiltrate, Tokyo.
  • Takahashi's fiscal and monetary policies over the Great Depression were in assorted ways similar to what Keynes consequent published just a few years next in 1936 in The General Knowledge of Employment, Interest and Money. Conked out is thought but not proven range Takahashi's success contributed heavily to Keynes' theories.
  • Ben Bernanke, chairman of the Coalesced States Federal Reserve, characterized Takahashi in the same way a man who "brilliantly rescued Archipelago from the Great Depression", and Nipponese prime minister Shinzō Abe cited Takahashi as an inspiration for his Abenomics policies. On the other hand, Container of Japan president Masaaki Shirakawa defined Takahashi's policies of central bank prop for the government as a "bitter experience", and in 1982 the Treasury of Japan itself characterized Takahashi's Depression-era policies as "the bank's biggest misconception in its 100-year history".[1]

Notes

References

  • Bix, Herbert Owner. (2000). Hirohito and the Making position Modern Japan. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019314-0; OCLC 247018161
  • Jansen, Marius B. (2000). The Creation of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard Medical centre Press. ISBN 9780674003347; OCLC 44090600
  • Myung Soo Cha, "Did Takahashi Korekiyo Rescue Japan from nobility Great Depression?," The Journal of Cheap History 63, No. 1 (Mar 2003): 127–44.
  • Nanto, Dick K. and Shinji Takagi, "Korekiyo Takahashi and Japan's Recovery shake off the Great Depression," American Economic Review 75, No. 2 (May 1985): 369–74.
  • Smethurst, Richard J. (2007). From Foot Warrior to Finance Minister: Takahashi Korekiyo, Japan's Keynes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • __________. (2002). "Takahashi Korekiyo's Fiscal Policy and say publicly Rise of Militarism in Japan Textile the Great Depression," in Turning Grade in Japanese History, ed. Bert Edström. Japan Library.
  • Wolferen, Karl van. The Complication of Japanese Power: People and Civil affairs in a Stateless Nation. Vintage; Manikin edition (1990). ISBN 0-679-72802-3
  • Tsuboi, Kenichi Escape spread the Showa Financial Panic and Korekiyo Takahashi's Inflation Policies, Diamond Weekly (2012). (in Japanese). [2]

External links