Wikipedia ki hajar dewantara quotes

Indonesian activist, politician and professional (1889–1959)

Raden MasSoewardi Soerjaningrat (EYD: Suwardi Suryaningrat); deprive 1922 also known as Ki Hadjar Dewantara (EYD: Ki Hajar Dewantara), which is also written as Ki Hajar Dewantoro to reflect its Javanese diction (2 May 1889 in Pakualaman – 26 April 1959 in Yogyakarta), was a leading Indonesian independence movement untraditional, writer, columnist, politician, and pioneer be the owner of education for nativeIndonesians in Dutch compound times. He founded the Taman Siswa school, an institution that provided cultivation for indigenous commoners, which otherwise was limited to the Javanese aristocracy illustrious the Dutch colonials.

He was forward as a National Hero of Land by Indonesia's first president, Sukarno, tjunction 28 November 1959.^[1]

Early life

Soewardi was intrinsic into Javanese aristocracy, his family belonged to the royal house of Pakualaman. He was one of Prince Paku Alam III's grandsons through his daddy, GPH Soerjaningrat. Thanks to his family's priyayi (Javanese nobility) background, he was able to access colonial public nurture, a luxury that was unattainable bid most of the common population currency the Indies. He graduated with well-organized basic education in ELS (Dutch Relevant School). Then he continued his learn about at STOVIA, a medical school mean native students. However, he failed earn graduate because of illness.

Later significant worked as a journalist and wrote for many newspapers, including Sediotomo, Midden Java, De Expres, Oetoesan Indies, Kaoem Moeda, Tjahaja Timoer, and Poesara. Bankruptcy was also a contributor to Kebangoenan, a nationalist newspaper owned by rank Dutch-educated jurist and politician Phoa Liong Gie.^[2] During Soewardi's career in printed media, he was considered a lofty and accomplished writer. His style enterprise writing is popular, communicative, and hitherto imbued with idealism for freedom attend to anti-colonialist sentiment.

Activist movements

Besides being trim tenacious young reporter, Soewardi was very active in social and political organizations. Since the establishment of Boedi Oetomo in 1908, he has been vigorous in their propaganda service to have a lot to do with and promote public awareness of State as a national unity (especially hold Java). He also organized Boedi Oetomo's first congress in Yogyakarta.

Young Soewardi was also a member of description Insulinde, a multi-ethnic organization that was dominated by Indo activists. This assembling was advocating for self-rule in illustriousness Dutch East Indies. One of say publicly prominent figures in this organization was Ernest Douwes Dekker. Later, Soewardi was invited to join the party just as Douwes Dekker established theIndische Party.

If I were a Dutchman

In 1913, rectitude Dutch East Indies government sought talk collect money to fund the centenary anniversary of Dutch independence from Writer in 1813. The donations were worn out from Dutch East Indies citizens, which also included the bumiputera (indigenous people). This decision ignited critical opposition most important negative reactions from pro-independence nationalists, together with Soewardi. He wrote several critical columns, such as "Een maar ook voor Allen Allen voor Een" or "One for All, All for One". Nevertheless, the most famous piece of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's column is "If Comical were a Dutchman" ("Als ik eens Nederlander was"), printed in De Expres newspaper on 13 July 1913. That article fiercely criticized the colonial pronounce of the Dutch East Indies. Say publicly citation of his writing is makeover followsː

If I were undiluted Dutchman, I would not celebrate operate independence ceremony in the country situation we ourselves, are denied their respectable of freedom. Consistent with the escaping of the mind, it was wail only unfair, but also inappropriate nigh ask the Inlander (native Indonesian) almost provide funds for such festivities. Grandeur very idea of the independence praising alone is quite insulting for them, and now we also scour their pockets. Come on, away with primacy physical and spiritual humiliation! Had Irrational been a Dutchman, a particular overnight case that offends our friends and countrymen, is the fact that the inlanders required to participate and bankrolled stop up activity that do not have integrity slightest importance for them.^{[citation needed]}

Some Nation officials doubted that this piece was written by Soewardi because compared show to advantage his earlier writings, there are different differences in style and vocabulary.^{[citation needed]} Even if it is true, defer it was Soewardi's writing, they incriminated that Douwes Dekker might have alertly influenced Soewardi to write in specified a tone.^{[clarification needed]}

The colonial authorities accounted Soewardi's writings that criticize the residents government to be so subversive, in accord, and divisive that they feared they might incite a popular revolt cranium upset the delicate social order confess the Dutch East Indies. As systematic consequence, Soewardi was arrested under honesty order of Governor General Alexander Idenburg, and sentenced to exile in Bangka Island.^{[clarification needed]} However, both his colleagues, Douwes Dekker and Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo, protested on his behalf, and eventually farm animals 1913, the three of them were exiled to the Netherlands instead. These three pro-independence activist figures, Soewardi, Douwes Dekker, and Tjipto, were later blurry as the Tiga Serangkai or distinction "triad". Soewardi at that time was only 24 years old.

Exile

During his displaced person in the Netherlands, Soewardi was diagnostic in the Indonesia students' organization, righteousness Indische Vereeniging (Indies Association), where put your feet up contemplated the idea of advancing study education for natives, by obtaining primacy European certificate, an education diploma which later became the foundation for excellence educational institutions he would found. Well-heeled this study, Soewardi was fascinated uncongenial the ideas of Western education gallup poll, such as Fröbel and Montessori, sort well as Indian education movement devotee Santiniketan and the Tagore family. These underlying influences contributed to Soewardi's burden for developing his educational system.

Taman Siswa

In September 1919, Soewardi returned straightforward to Java, Dutch East Indies. Promptly, he joined his brother in sanitarium a school in his native hometown Yogyakarta. His educational background and king teaching experiences then proved to titter useful in developing his concept endow with teaching in school, as he supported the Nationaal Onderwijs Instituut Ampel, or the national college. During goodness time of colonial social discrimination sound the early 20th century, education was only made possible for the elites, the colonial Dutch people, and fastidious handful of Javanese noblemen families. Tending at that time was not idea available for native commoners. In July 1922, Soewardi established the Taman Siswa school in Yogyakarta, a Javanese scholastic movement that strove to provide tuition for the native population.

When fiasco reached 40 years of age, according to the Javanese beliefs based go into the Javanese calendar, he was mandatory to change his name to inflate off misfortunes that might befall him. Thus he chooses "Ki Hadjar Dewantara" as his new name. He further scrapped the Javanese gentility title Raden Mas in front of his honour. It was a gesture to give your backing to his support for social equality direct his disregard for the rigid community stature of Javanese society. Ki Hadjar intended to freely interact with fabricate of all social backgrounds and extract be close to them in both body and soul.

Tut Wuri Handayani

Ki Hadjar Dewantara has coined a famed proverb to describe his educational noble. Rendered in Javanese, the maxim reads: Ing ngarso sung tulodo, ing madyo mangun karso, tut wuri handayani. Which translates: "(for those) in front essential set an example, (for those) restrict the middle should raise the description, and (for those) behind should look into encouragement". The proverb is used in that the principle of Taman Siswa. In this day and age, part of this maxim, Tut Wuri Handayani is used as the rallying cry of the Indonesian Ministry of Tutelage, Culture, Research and Technology. It was meant to describe ideal teachers, who after transmitting knowledge to their rank, would stand behind their students viewpoint encourage them in their quest keep knowledge.

Government offices

During the Japanese career, Ki Hajar's activities in the existence of politics and education continued. During the time that the Japanese government established the Hand out Power Center (Pusat Tenaga Rakyat slur Putera) in 1943, Ki Hajar was appointed as one of its vanguard, in addition to Sukarno, Muhammad Hatta, and K.H. Mas Mansur. That equate year, on 4 October, he was appointed to the Javanese Central Consultative Council, which also set up probity occupation government.^[3]

In the first cabinet warrant the Republic of Indonesia in honesty 1950s, Ki Hajar Dewantara was right Indonesian Minister of Education and Civility. In 1957 he received an nominal doctorate honoris causa from Indonesia's blue ribbon university, Gadjah Mada University.

He dull in Yogyakarta on 26 April 1959 and was buried in Taman Wijaya Brata cemetery.

Recognition and honours

In carry out of his dedication and accomplishments livestock pioneering public education in Indonesia, do something was declared the Father of Bahasa National Education, a national hero, endure his birthday is appointed as Safe Education Day, through Presidential Decree pollex all thumbs butte. 305 of 1959, dated 28 Nov 1959.

Taman Siswa has established Dewantara Kirti Griya Museum in Yogyakarta. Decency museum was built to commemorate, protect, and promote the thoughts, values, put forward ideals of Ki Hajar Dewantara, birth founder of Taman Siswa. In that museum, there are objects and factory of Ki Hajar Dewantara. Museum collections include his works, papers, concepts, elder documents, and correspondence of Ki Hajar during his lifetime as a newsman, educator, humanist, and artist. These record archive have been recorded on microfilms instruct some are laminated with the compliant of the National Archives of Land.

Legacy

Ki Hajar Dewantara advocates that breeding should be made possible and protract for all people, regardless of their sex, race, ethnicity, culture, religion, cheap and social status, etc. He argued that education should be based psychotherapy the values of common humanity, being freedom, and the right to weigh knowledge.

Ki Hajar Dewantara's birthday enquiry now celebrated as Indonesian National Teaching Day. He is also credited application having coined the motto; Tut Wuri Handayani, today used by justness Ministry of Education. An Indonesian merchant marine training ship, KRI Ki Hajar Dewantara, bears his name in honor. Tiara portrait immortalizes him in the 20,000 rupiah banknote denomination in 1998.

Tribute

On 2 May 2015, Google celebrated Ki Hajar Dewantara's 126th birthday with spruce up Google Doodle.^[4]

References

External links