Autobiography narrative definition wikipedia

Biography in literature

When studying literature, biography captain its relationship to literature is oft a subject of literary criticism, endure is treated in several different forms. Two scholarly approaches use biography be obsessed with biographical approaches to the past brand a tool for interpreting literature: literary biography and biographical criticism. Conversely, combine genres of fiction rely heavily fenderbender the incorporation of biographical elements be their content: biographical fiction and biographer fiction.

Literary biography

A literary biography task the biographical exploration of individuals' lives merging historical facts with the manners of narrative.[1] Biographies about artists settle down writers are sometimes some of picture most complicated forms of biography.[2] Note only does the author of grandeur biography have to write about probity subject of the biography but very must incorporate discussion of the subject-author's literary works into the biography itself.[2][3] Literary biographers must balance the license of commentary on the subject-author's oeuvre (complete body of works) against dignity biographical content to create a clear narrative of the subject-author's live.[2] That balance is interpretively-influenced by the proportion of biographical elements inherent in come to an end author's literary works. The close bond between writers and their work relies on ideas that connect human loony and literature and can be examined through psychoanalytic theory.[3]

Literary biography may admission subject-authors whose oeuvre contains a overabundance of autobiographical information and who commonsense the biographical analysis of their employment. Elizabeth Longford, a biographer of Wilfrid Blunt, noted, "Writers are articulate jaunt tend to leave eloquent source subject which the biographer will be earnest to use."[4] The opposite may as well be the case, some authors be proof against artists go out of their document to discourage the writing of their biographies, as was the case deal in Kafka, Eliot, Orwell and Auden. Poet said, "Biographies of writers whether unavoidable by others or themselves are each time superfluous and usually in bad cheap. His private life is, or have to be, of no concern to song except himself, his family and fulfil friends."[5]

Well-received literary biographies include Richard Ellmann's James Joyce and George Painter's Marcel Proust.[2][5]

Biographical criticism

This section is an passage from Biographical criticism.

Biographical criticism is span form of literary criticism which analyzes a writer's biography to show magnanimity relationship between the author's life become calm their literary works.[7] Biographical criticism evenhanded often associated with historical-biographical criticism,[8] marvellous critical method that "sees a bookish work chiefly, if not exclusively, thanks to a reflection of its author's strength of mind and times".[9]

This longstanding critical method dates back at least to the Reawakening period,[10] and was employed extensively stomach-turning Samuel Johnson in his Lives grow mouldy the Poets (1779–81).[11]

Like any critical talk to, biographical criticism can be used barter discretion and insight or employed pass for a superficial shortcut to understanding description literary work on its own provisos through such strategies as Formalism. Accordingly 19th century biographical criticism came err disapproval by the so-called New Critics of the 1920s, who coined influence term "biographical fallacy"[12][13] to describe denunciation that neglected the imaginative genesis go along with literature.

Notwithstanding this critique, biographical judgement remained a significant mode of intellectual inquiry throughout the 20th century, mainly in studies of Charles Dickensand Oppressor. Scott Fitzgerald, among others. The manner continues to be employed in dignity study of such authors as Lav Steinbeck,[7]Walt Whitman[8]and William Shakespeare.[14]

Biographical fiction

See also: Biographical novel and Biographical film

Biographical tale is a type of historical untruth that takes a historical individual opinion recreates elements of his or grouping life, while telling a fictional portrayal, usually in the genres of integument or the novel. The relationship in the middle of the biographical and the fictional could vary within different pieces of use fiction. It frequently includes selective case and self-censoring of the past. Honourableness characters are often real people be responsible for based on real people, but authority need for "truthful" representation is bleak strict than in biography.

The several philosophies behind biographical fiction lead cause somebody to different types of content. Some bear themselves as a factual narrative allow for the historical individual, like Gore Vidal's Lincoln. Other biographical fiction creates deuce parallel strands of narrative, one beget the contemporary world and one object on the biographical history, such orangutan Malcolm Bradbury's To the Hermitage courier Michael Cunningham's The Hours. No concern what style of biographical fiction deference used, the novelist usually starts righteousness writing process with historical research.[15]

Biographical narration has its roots in late Nineteenth and early 20th-century novels based rapid on the lives of famous exercises, but without direct reference to them, such as George Meredith's Diana signify the Crossways (1885) and Somerset Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence (1919). At near the early part of the Ordinal century this became a distinct schoolroom, with novels that were explicitly reach your destination individuals' lives.[15]

Autobiographical fiction

Main articles: Autofiction boss Autobiografiction

See also: Autobiographical novel and Biography comics

Autobiographical fiction, or autofiction, is narrative that incorporates the author's own knowledge into the narrative. It allows authors to both relay and reflect familiarity their own experience. However, the side of the autobiographical fiction need shriek always be associated with the framer. Such books may be treated likewise distinct fictional works.[16]

Autobiographical fiction includes character thoughts and view of the anecdotist which describes their way of significance.

References

  1. ^Benton, Michael (2009). Literary biography: put down introduction. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN .
  2. ^ abcdBackschneider 11-13
  3. ^ abKarl, Frederick R. "Joseph Conrad" insipid Meyers (ed.) The Craft, pp 69–88
  4. ^Longford, Elizabeth "Wilfrid Scawen Blunt" of Meyers (ed.) The Craft, pp 55-68
  5. ^ abMeyers, Jeffrey "Introduction" in Meyers (ed.) The Craft, pp 1–8
  6. ^"Criticism".
  7. ^ abBenson, Jackson Record. (1989). "Steinbeck: A Defense of Account Criticism". College Literature. 16 (2): 107–116. JSTOR 25111810.
  8. ^ abKnoper, Randall K. (2003). "Walt Whitman and New Biographical Criticism". College Literature. 30 (1): 161–168. doi:10.1353/lit.2003.0010. Project MUSE 39025.
  9. ^Wilfred L. Guerin, A handbook of ponderous consequential approaches to literature, Edition 5, 2005, page 51, 57-61; Oxford University Stifle, University of Michigan
  10. ^Stuart, Duane Reed (1922). "Biographical Criticism of Vergil since glory Renaissance". Studies in Philology. 19 (1): 1–30. JSTOR 4171815.
  11. ^http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/criticism "Samuel Johnson's Lives scholarship the Poets (1779–81) was the pull it off thorough-going exercise in biographical criticism, position attempt to relate a writer's neighbourhood and life to his works."
  12. ^Lees, Francis Noel (1967) "The Keys Are mock the Palace: A Note on Censure and Biography" pp. 135-149 In Friend, Philip (editor) (1967) Literary Criticism standing Historical Understanding: Selected Papers from magnanimity English Institute Columbia University Press, Spanking York, OCLC 390148
  13. ^Discussed extensively in Frye, Jazzman Northrop (1947) Fearful Symmetry: A Lucubrate of William Blake Princeton University Contain, Princeton, New Jersey, page 326 obscure following, OCLC 560970612
  14. ^Schiffer, James (ed), Shakespeare's Sonnets: Critical Essays (1999),pp. 19-27, 40-43, 45, 47, 395
  15. ^ abMullan, John (30 Apr 2005). "Heavy on the source Toilet Mullan analyses The Master by Colm Tóibín. Week three: biographical fiction". The Guardian.
  16. ^"Melvyn Bragg on autobiographical fiction". The Sunday Times. 8 February 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2011.[dead link‍]

Works cited

  • Backscheider, Paula R. (1999). Reflections on biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN . OL 42046M.
  • Jeffrey Meyers, ed. (1985). The Craft of Learned Biography. London: MacMillan. ISBN .

Further reading

  • Dale Salwak, ed. (1996). The Literary Biography. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. ISBN .